Abstract: Based on the node's residual energy and network traffic, a RA-ZMAC protocol is proposed.RA-ZMAC protocol employs energy control and traffic adaptive mechanism.When network traffic is low, Owner nodes sleep in a part time of their slot, saving energy.The sleep time is reduced as the network traffic increases.The node runs in HCL mode when the network traffic increases to an upper value.This traffic adaptive mechanism brings smooth transition of the data transmission mode and reduces idle listening.Besides.RA-ZMAC protocol adjusts the contention window size and backoff time according to the node's residual energy and traffic.The results show that RA-ZMAC protocol have better performance than Z-MAC protocol in prolonging network lifetime, network throughput and energy saving.