Abstract: In view of the technical problems about power dissipation,miss rate and localization accuracy of existing mine personnel localization system,starting from the system architecture of wireless sensor network based on ZigBee communication technology,the key techniques of sensor terminal design,localization mechanism and wireless network topology were in-depth researched.In this paper,engineering realization of the sensor node design,localization algorithm and wireless networking technology were given,optimization of technology or improvement of strategies was proposed in each unit module.They can improve the comprehensive performance of the existing wireless sensor localization system.