Abstract: By summing up the status of forest fire prevention and analysis of the characteristics of wireless sensor networks in the fire control, this paper presented an adaptive clustering algorithm to divide the whole network into multi layers. In the initial deployment of the network, every cluster headers of all layers communicate with sink directly in order to achieve real-time requirement for forwarding monitoring data. While the data accumulated to a certain extent that could forecast the trend of the fire spreading, all nodes would be into the next phase for the establishment of multi-hop routing adaptively. This method could prolong the life time of the network and extend the time limit of sensors for monitoring the fire environment.