Abstract: In order to solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption of wireless sensor networks,in this paper,we propose an energy balance adaptive routing algorithm based on Ant Colony Optimization(ACO).It takes energy density of the node into the heuristic factor and utilizes the dynamic adaptability of ants to find the optimal path,balancing energy consumption of the whole network.Simulation results show that,comparing with the LEACH algorithm,it balances energy consumption of the whole network and avoids the problem of network partition or the "energy hole" phenomenon effectively and extends the network lifetime effectively.