Abstract: Aiming at the shortcomings such as easy to fall into local optimization and low convergence, an improved Sparrow Search Algorithm based on adaptive t-distribution and gold sine improvement is proposed. Firstly, the golden sine algorithm is used to improve the location update mode of the finder, enhance the local development and global exploration ability of the algorithm, and improve the convergence ability of the algorithm. Secondly, the t-GSSA algorithm is used to disturb the individual position to improve the algorithm's ability to jump out of local optimality. And then, compared with 4 basic algorithms and 3 improved algorithms based on 10 benchmark functions, the simulationresults show that the proposed algorithm has better convergence and solution accuracy. Finally, the t-GSSA algorithm is applied to the proportional-integral-score (PID) parameter integration. The simulation results show that the controller that optimized by the proposed algorithm has more stable accuracy with faster response speed.