A Distributed Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Heterogeneity for WSN

In this paper, a distributed WSN routing algorithm based on energy heterogeneity is proposed to solve the problem of frequent multi-hop forwarding, excessive energy consumption and frequent energy consumption in the cluster head rotation. The node energy of the algorithm adopts the three-level energy architecture, which is classified according to the initial energy of nodes. Using the ring model for regional division and primary nodes and secondary nodes are fixed. According to cluster head classification strategy, the cluster head is divided into the first and second cluster first two types. The combination of fixed cluster head election and random cluster head election is used to weaken the random component. The cluster head rotation order is fixed to save the energy consumption when the nodes frequently perform cluster head election. The multi-hop routing tree is constructed between the cluster heads, using single-hop in the cluster and using multi-hop between clusters. The simulation results show that WSN distributed routing algorithm based on energy heterogeneity is superior to SEP algorithm and CRVB algorithm in balancing network energy consumption and extending network life cycle.