An autonomous depth-adjustment deployment algorithm by growth ring for underwater wireless sensor networks

In order to improve the coverage and reliability of UWSN under the condition of energy balance, an autonomous depth-adjustment deployment algorithm for sensor nodes of UWSN based on growing ring is proposed in this paper. A growth ring style-based scheme is adopted to construct the connective tree structure of sensor nodes. As for the depth-adjustment of nodes, a global optimal depth-adjustment algorithm with the goal of comprehensive optimization of both maximizing coverage utilization and energy balance is proposed. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm improves the reliability of UWSN under the condition of energy balance. Moreover, the algorithm in this paper improves the network coverage greatly while guaranteeing full connectivity.